Saturday 13 October 2012

Final Project: Multi-media presentation

UPDATED!!

After much delay I have finally completed the final multi-media presentation.  This movie posted here is  not the same format as other students in EDACE 675.  I had proposed back in September to our professor, Dr. K, an alternative project, one I hoped that would still meet the requirements for the final project but at the same time accomplish another goal I had been working on.

In the summer of 2001, I had the opportunity to participate in the last Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute summer study program.  It was a general introduction to a variety of different development challenges facing India at the turn of the century.  It was divided up into different sectors (Uttarakhand, Kanpur, and Calcutta) each with a different focus on either urban or rural development.  At each place, a different academic institution would host the students providing facilities, lecturers and additional resources.  Learning occurred in both a classroom environment and in each field-site visit.  The great advantage of the Shastri program was it took students out of the class and afforded them the opportunity to see the development first-hand in the actual place it was happening.

The drawbacks of this program were its over use of the lecture instructional methodology and reliance on static assessment tools to evaluate student learning.  Lectures occurred both in the class and at the various field-sites.  While providing the necessary information, additional learning happened either when students collaborated together on some of the group presentations or the rare instances of independent studies.  This is not to say that learning did not occur, only that it did not necessarily match the dynamic environment we were in.

The assessment was based on group presentations, reflective journals, final paper, and individual presentations.  While these are not necessarily poor choices to measure student performance but they do not match the current potential of new learning methodology or take advantage of today's available technology, particularly social media.  This is the core of this week's blog and the purpose of the attached video.  The Shastri program was a very valuable introduction to the real challenges of international development.

This video was created as a proposal to restart this program by including new technologies that will reach a new generation of learners.  Social media technology will bring greater visibility to the learning that is occurring and also allow students to capture the learning, collaborate on learning projects in a digital environment, reassess the learning at a later date (after additional experiences), and share this learning with others outside the program (like a Blog).  By enabling other academics or students to comment on the various student projects, the students can be challenged on their points, thus fostering more reflective learning that will permit development of critical thinking.

Below is the video for this proposal.



Outline for Multi-media process

Plan
1.  First step was to plan a project.  Instead of interview began by developing concept for revamp of Shastri Summer Program.  Sought permission of Dr. K.
2.  Two-fold planning process developed.  First was to select specific technologies to propose using on summer program.  Began comparing old curriculum with technologies listed in book The professor's guide to taming technologies.
3.  Other part of planning process involved deciding on what clips and other parts of Shastri digital video to use.
4.  An outline for a script was then created.
5.  Planning matrix to compare old learning activities with learning activities created by new technology:

Produce
1.  Located old digital footage stored on external hard-drive.  Switched files over to internal hard-drive of Mac OS equipped laptop.  Then necessary to utilize program called Handbrake to convert video files to MPEG 4 format.  Then possible to copy to video editing program.
2.  Used iMovie on Mac OS equipped computer to select desired clips, order and edit as required.
3.  Music and audio overlays were recorded and then edited as required.  Audio recording had to be fitted to five minute video as required by EDACE 675 course syllabus.  Final script was never produced, instead used conceptual topic outline to clarify points.
4.  Made narration according to previously mentioned audio outline and matched to selected clips.
5.  Drafted structure for blog to use as means of presentation. 

Publish
1.  Based on conceptualized presentation plan, blog was selected as means to display video.
2.  Had to resize video in order to upload to blog page.
3.  Next day presented and wrote multi-media outline.


References

King, K.P. and Cox, T.D.  (2011).  The professor's guide to taming technology.  Charlotte, NC:  Information Age Publishing.

This book was used as reference for affects of new technology.  It provides details on the specific benefits of blogs and wikis, as discussed in the video.

Mayer, R.E.  (2003).  Multi-media learning.  Cambridge, UK:  Cambridge University Press.

This book was specifically cited (p. 53) for the three processes of active learning.  It also provided help with categorizing and comparing various types of eLearning.


Saturday 6 October 2012

Podcasting (and more), the final frontier...

Captain's Blog supplemental, earth date...

Okay this week's blog is a little late coming but between sicknesses and conferences I honestly thought last week's blog was the final.

I took a slightly different perspective since to me podcasts overlap with other video and audio formats.  Are podcasts just pure recordings?  Are they lectures recorded either in audio format and/or video?  Are they an actual media or method for lesson delivery?  As King (2011) notes podcasts include a wide variety of different media and lesson methods (p. 33).  Because of this I have chosen to structure the blog as per four chapters found in King and Cox.  Podcasting in itself does not stand out as a distinct technology or instructional method, more of a concept inclusive of other technologies.

Therefore, my blog this week looks at four very powerful potential technologies/concepts, especially for distance learning and/or multi-media supplementals for face-to-face classes:
1. Podcasts
2. Audio feedback
3. Videos
4. Narrated presentations

As mentioned in my other blogs, it starts with the design of the course, what are the learning objectives?  These should take into account the environment and type of course.  Selection of one of the technologies or all, can really add to the benefits of  a course.

PODCASTS

Some of the challenges facing an online course can be the lack of familiarity.  As adults learning in a variety of different settings and from various backgrounds, a certain lack of interest and hence loss of motivation can develop when learners feel isolated.  In an asynchronous environment, one of the potentially powerful ways to combat this is through podcasts.

Podcasts can put a human face on the instructor.  More importantly it can enable the learners "see" each other and not have to always be present for an online synchronous chat.  However, podcasts as any technology, has its limitations and drawbacks.

Learners who are not comfortable recording themselves may feel alienated by assignments forcing students to podcast.  It takes a certain nerve to record yourself or interviewees for the world to see.  Of course, so of this can be eliminated by hosting private sites, but this then raises other barriers.  Also, podcasts while enabling a more personalized learning tool is none-the-less a one way conversation.  It is not dynamic.  Yes, people can either leave comments or podcast a response but this still does not entirely address the disconnection distance learners may feel or create a dynamic learning environment.

Some of the more noted educational examples of video podcasts include the TED talks series and some of the Kahn Academy.  Currently some leading edge universities make use of podcasts in the form of MOOCs (see my previous blog on this subject).  MOOCs offer online courses for the masses and professors make use of the podcasts to get across the basic information in lecture format using the assistance of a virtual white board.  Some go beyond this simple concept.

For me one of my favourite podcasts is Hong Kong Today.  I really miss living in HK and this podcast at least lets me keep up to date on what is going on in Hong Kong!

http://podcast.rthk.org.hk/podcast/item.php?pid=78


AUDIO FEEDBACK

Like the podcast, audio feedback can provide a much more personalized learning experience for the distance learner.  As cited in King and Cox (2011), Ice et al. in 2007 did a study where "researchers found that graduate online learners though audio was far better than text-based [feedback] in conveying nuance and helping student retain and apply course content" (p. 58).  The audio provides the tone and other subtleties that text lacks.  It provides context, which is important for adult learners to frame their learning experiences.

Audio feedback does have limitations however, again if learners are not comfortable using the technology then it can be limiting.  Also, the complexities of using the correct codecs and having the right players that recognize these codecs might be an issue for some.

The author of this blog attended the Desire to Learn Conference in Memphis Tennessee in July 2008.  One of the presenters at a workshop was a Spanish instructor from one of the Tennessee State University affiliated colleges.  She taught Spanish via distance learning in an asynchronous environment.  Students would have to record themselves reading certain passages prescribed by the instructor.  The instructor would then provide feedback via a recording.  She would record the proper way to pronounce the word, replay the student pronunciation, and provide further help all via audio feedback.  Once a week there would also be synchronous conversation but a large part of the course was built on the audio feedback.  The instructor testified that she had good success using this methodology and most students were successful.  It was not for everyone and some learners did not find it completely conducive for learning oral Spanish.

VIDEOS

Are a wide reaching subject.  It can be used for synchronous or asynchronous classes.  As mentioned before technology impaired instructors and learners may find it challenging to create videos.  However, as per King and Cox (2011) "resources needed are few and inexpensive, and free software can do everything you need" (p. 86).  Thus, some of the traditional limiting aspects of video creation are nullified by today's software and other online resources.

Video creation can also enable learners and instructors alike to unleash there full range of creativity.  The only limiting aspect for either might be course objectives or their own imagination.  They also offer professors a means to capture classes or lectures that may otherwise have been missed.  Today, new video software offers instructors more creative means to capture lessons compared to the old video camera recording a live lecture.

NARRATED PRESENTATIONS

PowerPoint while often cited as the most overused and misused technology available, it still offers a powerful platform enabling a speaker to integrate audio, film, text, and websites.  It can also be accessed over a live broadcast to students or audience members in a remote location.  One drawback for  online learners is good PowerPoint presentations are often designed with a speaker in mind.  Thus, viewing a standard PowerPoint from a professor online may not capture the full essentials or nuances of the lesson.

A narrated presentation can make use of a PowerPoint of similar presentation software to provide an enriched learning experience for asynchronous distance learners or for students who wish to replay the course material.   Just like audio feedback, a narrated presentation can provide the enriched experience provided by a human voice that offers the learner context and nuance based on the tone and direction of the voice.  A more engaged learner provided a context will have a higher retention rate compared to observers of a recorded PowerPoint (or similar) technology.  As Benjamin Darrow said "bring the world to the classroom, to make the universally available the services of the finest teachers" (as cited in Mayers, p. 9).  Video (and similar technology) permits the instructor to be free of the confines of their environment and reach a far wider network of learners.

SUMMARY

Each learner will have their own needs and requirements with respect to learning style and retention.  The aforementioned technologies (podcasts, audio feedback, videos, & narrated presentations) offer a powerful tools to instructors that can address some of the shortfalls of distance, asynchronous, and traditional face-to-face learning environments.  It is important to know the limitations of the technology and be clear about what you, as the instructor are trying to achieve, by use of this technology.  Remember the right tool for the right job!

References

King, K.P. and Cox, T.D., eds.  (2011).  The professor's guide to taming technology.  Charlotte, NC:  Information Age Publishing.

Mayer, R.E.  (2001).  Multi-media learning.  Cambridge, UK:  Cambridge University Press.